Homo- (Greek prefix meaning ‘same’); -morphic (Greek suffix meaning ‘having a specific shape/form’) Intuitively, one could deduct that homomorphic encryption indicates that the initial data and the encrypted result (cipher) could share the same form. Based on this property, it can be inferred that computation can be performed on the encrypted data, without prior decryption. By decrypting the result, you get the same output as the computation performed on the unencrypted data. While homomorphic encryption can be either additive or multiplicative, fully homomorphic encryption supports both types of operations. Unlike ZKPs, which are proofs of computational integrity, fully homomorphic encryption allows for encrypted data computation, without revealing additional information about the original data. This could provide the missing link for ensuring private transactions on blockchains’ public ledgers. We were joined by Rand Hindi, CEO of Zama, to discuss fully homomorphic encryption solutions, how they differ from ZKPs & MPC, and how they can be leveraged to ensure compliant programmable privacy. Topics covered in this episode: Rand’s background and his interest in privacyMeeting Pascal and founding ZamaFully homomorphic encryption (FHE)Zero knowledge proofs vs. Multi-party computation vs. Fully homomorphic encryptionTaking fully homomorphic encryption 'mainstream'Zama’s productsfhEVMHow multi-party computation would secure fhEVMMulti-key homomorphic encryption & functional encryptionDeploying an FHE rollupFHE use casesPrivacyZama’s business modelEpisode links: Rand Hindi on TwitterZama on TwitterFhenix on TwitterSponsors: dYdX Foundation: The recently launched dYdX chain features new governance and token economics, that empower stakers and promote validator decentralisation. Bridge your DYDX tokens and contribute to the evolution of dYdX chain, fully permissionless and community driven. - https://bit.ly/47kqG59This episode is hosted by Friederike Ernst. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/523

Leading decentralised perpetual exchange, dYdX V4 recently migrated to Cosmos to build its own sovereign appchain, in order to provide its users a much better trading experience, while continuing to deliver DeFi innovations (e.g. permisionless markets). By having full control over the appchain’s parameters, the dYdX DAOs can shape the future of the protocol, starting from the very bedrock, ensuring proper distribution and incentives for the validator set. From early adopter of L2 zero knowledge proofs (STARKs), to building its own Cosmos appchain, dYdX has proven once again to be a trailblazer for new technologies. We were joined by Charles d’Haussy, CEO of dYdX Foundation, to discuss dYdX V4’s recent migration to a Cosmos appchain and what challenges it solves in terms of: order book decentralisation, validator distribution and user experience. Topics covered in this episode: Charles’ background, from Asia to CEO of dYdXdYdX’s history and V4’s transition to a Cosmos appchainHow perpetual futures workdYdX supported assets and permissionless marketsDeFi innovations vs. CEX UXThe current state of dYdX V4’s alpha mainnetdYdX validator dynamics & order book decentralisationdYdX’s DAOs & governanceMitigating MEV (feat. Skip Protocol)Migrating to CosmosAstropolis The intersection of crypto & AIEpisode links: Charles d'Haussy on TwitterdYdX on TwitterdYdX Foundation on TwitterCharles' Astroprolis Keynote (Cosmoverse Istanbul)Cosmos on TwitterThis episode is hosted by Sebastien Couture & Meher Roy. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/521